Biology Trivia Quiz

Biology Trivia Quiz: Test your knowledge of the living world with our collection of biology quizzes featuring questions about famous biologists, groundbreaking discoveries, fascinating life processes, and more!

Biology Trivia Quiz

Welcome to our Biology Trivia Quiz collection!

Put your knowledge of the living world to the test – we're covering everything from cellular processes and genetics to evolution and ecology. All quizzes are totally free, no sign-up needed, and you can play as many times as you like!

Our biology trivia dives deep, spanning from Darwin's theory of evolution to modern genetic engineering. We've got questions on famous biologists, laboratory techniques, biological processes, classification systems, and the stories behind major discoveries. Whether you're a biology student, science enthusiast, or just curious about the incredible diversity of life on Earth, we've got quizzes that'll challenge and entertain you!

For each quiz, 20 questions will be randomly selected from the list below. Are you a true Biology Expert? Come on and test your knowledge!

1What is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms?

A

Atom

B

Cell

C

Molecule

D

Organ

2Who is considered the "father of evolution"?

A

Gregor Mendel

B

Charles Darwin

C

Louis Pasteur

D

James Watson

3Through what process do plants convert light energy into chemical energy?

A

Respiration

B

Transpiration

C

Photosynthesis

D

Fermentation

4What is the shape of a DNA molecule's structure?

A

Single helix

B

Spherical

C

Double helix

D

Linear chain

5What is the largest organ in the human body?

A

Liver

B

Brain

C

Skin

D

Lungs

6Who is generally referred to as the "father of genetics" for discovering the laws of heredity through pea plant experiments?

A

Charles Darwin

B

Thomas Hunt Morgan

C

Gregor Mendel

D

James Watson

7What is the main function of red blood cells in the blood?

A

Transport oxygen

B

Fight infection

C

Blood clotting

D

Digest food

8Which scientist discovered penicillin, ushering in the age of antibiotics?

A

Louis Pasteur

B

Alexander Fleming

C

Robert Koch

D

Joseph Lister

9Approximately how many years ago did dinosaurs go extinct?

A

About 10,000 years ago

B

About 65 million years ago

C

About 200 million years ago

D

About 1 million years ago

10What is the main purpose of respiration in living organisms?

A

Produce carbon dioxide

B

Release energy (ATP)

C

Absorb oxygen

D

Synthesize proteins

11Which organelle is the "powerhouse" of the cell?

A

Nucleus

B

Ribosome

C

Mitochondrion

D

Golgi apparatus

12Which scientist co-proposed the double helix model of DNA structure? (Choose one)

A

Linus Pauling

B

Francis Crick

C

Erwin Chargaff

D

Rosalind Franklin

13What are viruses mainly composed of?

A

Nucleus and cytoplasm

B

Protein coat and genetic material (DNA or RNA)

C

Cell membrane and mitochondria

D

Only RNA

14Where did life on Earth first appear?

A

Land

B

In the air

C

Oceans

D

Volcanoes

15Which of the following is a common characteristic of mammals?

A

Breathe with gills

B

Body covered with feathers

C

Lactation (feeding young with milk)

D

Cold-blooded

16Who invented "pasteurization," a process used to kill microorganisms in liquids?

A

Robert Koch

B

Louis Pasteur

C

Joseph Lister

D

Edward Jenner

17What role do enzymes play in biochemical reactions?

A

Provide energy

B

Are consumed as reactants

C

Catalyst (speed up reactions)

D

Inhibit reactions

18How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

A

22 pairs

B

23 pairs

C

24 pairs

D

46 pairs

19What information do bees convey by performing the "waggle dance"?

A

Danger signal

B

Direction and distance of a food source

C

Mating signal

D

Weather changes

20Which scientist is considered the "father of microbiology" and improved the microscope?

A

Robert Hooke

B

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

C

Louis Pasteur

D

Robert Koch

21What does biodiversity refer to the diversity of?

A

Only the number of species

B

Genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity

C

Only the geographical environment

D

Only plant species

22In a food chain, what type of organisms are producers usually?

A

Carnivores

B

Plants (capable of photosynthesis)

C

Herbivores

D

Decomposers

23The birth of "Dolly the sheep" marked a major breakthrough in what technology?

A

Gene editing

B

Animal cloning technology

C

Transgenic technology

D

Vaccine development

24What is the main function of the human immune system?

A

Digest food

B

Resist pathogen invasion and protect the body

C

Transport oxygen

D

Regulate body temperature

25Which of the following diseases is NOT caused by bacteria?

A

Tuberculosis

B

Influenza (Flu)

C

Cholera

D

Tetanus

26What was Carl Linnaeus's main contribution to biology?

A

Discovered cells

B

Established the modern system of binomial nomenclature

C

Proposed the theory of evolution

D

Discovered the structure of DNA

27Which of the following is NOT a primary function of a plant's root system?

A

Absorb water and minerals

B

Perform photosynthesis

C

Anchor the plant

D

Store nutrients

28What was the main goal of the "Human Genome Project"?

A

Cure all genetic diseases

B

Determine the complete DNA sequence of the human genome

C

Create new human species

D

Clone humans

29Coral reefs are formed by the skeletons of what organisms?

A

Fish

B

Coral polyps (tiny marine animals)

C

Algae

D

Shellfish

30Which of the following animals is cold-blooded?

A

Dog

B

Snake

C

Bird

D

Whale

31What is the principle behind "vaccination"?

A

Directly killing pathogens in the body

B

Stimulating the body to produce immunity against specific pathogens

C

Providing the body with necessary nutrients

D

Repairing damaged cells

32What is the largest animal on Earth?

A

African elephant

B

Blue whale

C

Giraffe

D

Great white shark

33What are the main ways cells divide?

A

Only mitosis

B

Mitosis and meiosis

C

Only meiosis

D

Amitosis and binary fission

34What does an "ecosystem" refer to?

A

All plants in a specific area

B

All living organisms in a specific area and their interactions with the non-living environment

C

All animals in a specific area

D

The geographical features of a specific area

35What disease does vitamin C deficiency cause?

A

Night blindness

B

Scurvy

C

Rickets

D

Beriberi

36"Hibernation" is an animal's behavioral adaptation to what environmental conditions?

A

Hot and dry

B

Cold and food shortage

C

Humid and rainy

D

Intense sunlight

37Where does protein synthesis take place in a cell?

A

Mitochondria

B

Ribosomes

C

Nucleus

D

Lysosomes

38What kind of change does a "gene mutation" refer to in a DNA sequence?

A

Regular repetition

B

Permanent, heritable change

C

Temporary, non-heritable change

D

Protein misfolding

39How do amphibian larvae usually breathe?

A

Lungs

B

Gills

C

Skin

D

Trachea

40A "symbiotic relationship" refers to two different organisms living together where...?

A

One benefits, the other is harmed

B

Both benefit, or one benefits and the other is unaffected, or one benefits and the other is slightly affected

C

Both are harmed

D

There is no interaction

41What is the main purpose of transpiration in plant leaves?

A

Absorb carbon dioxide

B

Promote transport of water and minerals, and lower leaf temperature

C

Release oxygen

D

Store energy

42What kind of evidence do "fossils" provide for the study of evolution?

A

Behavioral evidence

B

Direct, historical evidence

C

Physiological evidence

D

Embryological evidence

43Which is the longest organ in the human digestive tract?

A

Stomach

B

Small intestine

C

Large intestine

D

Esophagus

44What does the "biosphere" refer to the sum of on Earth?

A

Water bodies

B

Living organisms and their environments

C

Landmasses

D

Atmosphere

45Which of the following is a unique structure of birds that aids in flight?

A

Scales

B

Feathers and hollow bones

C

Gills

D

Compound eyes

46"Natural selection" is a core concept of evolution. What does it refer to?

A

Organisms consciously choosing their evolutionary direction

B

Individuals adapted to the environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on their favorable traits

C

All individuals have the same chance of survival

D

The environment has no effect on organisms

47What is the central organ of the human circulatory system?

A

Lungs

B

Heart

C

Liver

D

Kidneys

48How are certain toxic substances passed and accumulated in a food chain through "biomagnification"?

A

Concentration decreases at each level

B

Concentration increases at each level

C

Concentration remains unchanged

D

Are completely broken down

49How are plant seeds dispersed? (Choose a common method)

A

Only through artificial planting

B

By wind, water, animals, etc.

C

Only grow near the parent plant

D

Through photosynthesis

50Which of the following is an example of a fungus?

A

Algae

B

Mushroom

C

Fern

D

Bacteria

51Who conducted the classic experiment on "conditioned reflexes" using dogs?

A

B.F. Skinner

B

Ivan Pavlov

C

Konrad Lorenz

D

Jane Goodall

52What is the largest known terrestrial carnivore on Earth?

A

Lion

B

Polar bear

C

Tiger

D

Grizzly bear

53What kind of segment carrying genetic information is a "gene"?

A

Protein segment

B

DNA or RNA segment

C

Cell membrane segment

D

Carbohydrate segment

54What is the main component of plant cell walls?

A

Protein

B

Cellulose

C

Fat

D

Chitin

55Which of the following animals is NOT an insect?

A

Ant

B

Spider

C

Butterfly

D

Bee

56"Metamorphosis" refers to significant changes in an animal's morphology and lifestyle during its development. Which of the following animals undergoes metamorphosis?

A

Bird

B

Frog

C

Mammal

D

Fish

57What is the most abundant substance in the human body?

A

Protein

B

Water

C

Fat

D

Carbohydrate

58What is "PCR technology" (Polymerase Chain Reaction) primarily used for?

A

Separating proteins

B

Amplifying specific DNA fragmentsตำรวจ

C

Observing cell structures

D

Measuring blood sugar levels

59Which of the following is the primary structure for gas exchange in plants?

A

Root hairs

B

Stomata (usually on leaves)

C

Petals

D

Epidermis of the stem

60"Phototropism" is an organism's directional response to what stimulus?

A

Sound

B

Light

C

Chemicals

D

Temperature

61Which of the following is the largest fish in the ocean?

A

Great white shark

B

Whale shark

C

Orca (killer whale - is a mammal)

D

Tuna

62Which of the following is NOT a main tenet of the "Cell Theory"?

A

All living organisms are composed of cells.

B

All cells contain a nucleus.

C

The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms.

D

All cells arise from pre-existing cells.

63Which of the following is NOT one of the five basic human tastes?

A

Sweet

B

Spicy (Pungent)

C

Sour

D

Bitter

64A "Genetically Modified Organism" (GMO) is an organism whose genetic material has been altered in what way?

A

Natural mutation

B

Artificially altered using genetic engineering techniques

C

Environmental adaptation

D

Hybridization

65Which of the following is the reproductive organ of a plant?

A

Leaf

B

Flower

C

Root

D

Stem

66A "biological clock" is an internal mechanism in organisms that controls what kind of rhythms?

A

Heart rate

B

Periodic physiological and behavioral rhythms (e.g., sleep-wake cycle)

C

Digestion rate

D

Cell division rate

67Which of the following animals is known as a "living fossil," with a morphology very similar to its ancestors from hundreds of millions of years ago?

A

Giant panda

B

Coelacanth

C

Tiger

D

Pigeon

68What is the primary role of "ATP" (Adenosine Triphosphate) in a cell?

A

Genetic material

B

Direct energy source ("energy currency")

C

Structural component

D

Information molecule

69Which of the following is the world's largest flower?

A

Sunflower

B

Rafflesia arnoldii

C

Rose

D

Orchid

70A "reflex arc" is the basic neural structure for completing a reflex action. Which part does it NOT include?

A

Receptor

B

Cerebral cortex

C

Nerve center (Central nervous system)

D

Effector

71Which of the following animals is an egg-laying mammal?

A

Kangaroo

B

Platypus

C

Dolphin

D

Bat

72What natural biological phenomenon does a "Light Emitting Diode" (LED) mimic?

A

Photosynthesis

B

Bioluminescence (e.g., fireflies)

C

Phototropism

D

Camouflage

73What is the hardest substance in the human body?

A

Bone

B

Tooth enamel

C

Fingernail

D

Muscle

74What are "probiotics" that are beneficial to the host's health?

A

Viruses

B

Live microorganisms

C

Antibiotics

D

Vitamins

75Which of the following is an example of a plant's tropic movement?

A

Mimosa leaves closing

B

Sunflower turning towards the sun

C

Venus flytrap catching an insect

D

Dandelion seeds dispersing

76How does the "endocrine system" regulate the body's physiological activities?

A

Nerve impulses

B

Hormones

C

Digestive enzymes

D

Antibodies

77Which of the following animals is the world's fastest land animal?

A

Lion

B

Cheetah

C

Horse

D

Antelope

78What does "biological control" refer to using to control pests or weeds?

A

Chemical pesticides

B

Natural enemies or other organisms

C

Genetic modification technology

D

Manual weeding

79Which of the following is a method of asexual reproduction in plants?

A

Seed reproduction

B

Cuttings, grafting, or tissue culture

C

Pollen dispersal

D

Fertilization

80What substance on the surface of red blood cells determines "blood type"?

A

Hemoglobin

B

Antigens

C

Antibodies

D

Platelets

81Which of the following are microorganisms that live in extreme environments (e.g., high temperature, high salinity)?

A

Yeast

B

Archaea

C

Mold

D

Algae

82What is the main function of a "neuron" (nerve cell)?

A

Store energy

B

Transmit nerve impulses (information)

C

Produce antibodies

D

Digest food

83Which of the following is the world's largest land mammal?

A

Rhinoceros

B

African elephant

C

Hippopotamus

D

Giraffe

84The "carbon cycle" refers to the process of carbon cycling between what spheres of the Earth?

A

Only within living organisms

B

Biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere

C

Only between plants and animals

D

Only in the atmosphere

85Which of the following is the primary respiratory organ for fish adapted to aquatic life?

A

Lungs

B

Gills

C

Skin

D

Air sacs

86"Mimicry" is when an organism evolves an appearance similar to its environment or another organism for what purpose?

A

Attract mates

B

Deceive predators or prey, increasing chances of survival

C

Regulate body temperature

D

Store energy

87Which of the following is the largest endocrine gland in the human body?

A

Pituitary gland

B

Thyroid gland

C

Pancreas (has both endocrine and exocrine functions)

D

Adrenal gland

88"Biodegradation" refers to the process of organic matter being broken down by what?

A

Sunlight

B

Microorganisms (like bacteria, fungi)

C

Chemical catalysts

D

High temperature

89Which of the following is a common characteristic of reptiles?

A

Body covered with feathers

B

Body covered with scales or scutes, breathe with lungs, lay eggs (most)

C

Warm-blooded

D

Breathe with gills

90"Antibodies" are proteins produced by the human immune system to identify and neutralize what?

A

Nutrients

B

Foreign invaders (like antigens of bacteria, viruses)

C

Own cells

D

Hormones

91Which of the following is the tallest tree species on land?

A

Oak tree

B

Coast Redwood

C

Pine tree

D

Banyan tree

92What does an "ecological niche" describe about a species in an ecosystem?

A

Geographical distribution range

B

Role, status, and resources utilized (function and habitat)

C

Population size

D

Evolutionary history

93Which of the following is an essential macronutrient for the human body and a major component of bones and teeth?

A

Iron (Fe)

B

Calcium (Ca)

C

Iodine (I)

D

Sodium (Na)

94What impact can "biological invasion" (invasive species) have when an alien species enters a new ecosystem?

A

Always increases biodiversity

B

May have negative impacts on native species and ecosystems

C

Always coexists peacefully with native species

D

Always improves the ecological environment

95Which of the following is a structure produced by sexual reproduction in plants that can develop into a new plant?

A

Spore (in some plants)

B

Seed

C

Tuber

D

Leaf

96What is the main role of "hormones" in the body?

A

Provide energy

B

Regulate physiological processes like growth, development, and metabolism

C

Transport oxygen

D

Form cell structures

97Which of the following animals is the only mammal capable of true flight?

A

Flying squirrel

B

Bat

C

Penguin

D

Ostrich

98"Apoptosis" refers to what kind of process occurring in cells?

A

Uncontrolled proliferation

B

Programmed, active cell death

C

Transformation into other cell types

D

Energy production process

99Which of the following is one of the oldest organisms on Earth, capable of photosynthesis and releasing oxygen?

A

Ferns

B

Cyanobacteria

C

Fungi

D

Dinosaurs

100"Bioethics" primarily discusses ethical issues related to what?

A

Environmental protection

B

Biological and medical research and applications

C

Animal behavior

D

Fossil research